冰源热泵系统在设施水产养殖中的技术经济性研究

针对目前刺参养殖的水温调控系统能耗大及适用性差等问题,提出基于冰源热泵的高效清洁供热及结合跨季节蓄冷实现全年冷热管理的技术思路,采用冰源热泵系统和跨季节蓄冷型冰源热泵系统对养殖水体温度进行调控,建立模型定量对比分析系统的运行能效及技术经济性。结果表明:（1）冰源热泵系统供热和供冷时的性能系数分别为3.33和3.39,全年一次能源利用率为1.05,比燃煤锅炉+冷水机组系统高出34.6%;费用年值最低,投资回收期为3 ~ 5年,具有良好的经济效益和应用前景。（2）跨季节蓄冷型冰源热泵系统全年一次能源利用率为1.46,比冰源热泵系统高39.1%,全年运行费用最低;跨季节蓄冷技术的应用有效提升了系统能效,大幅减少供冷运行费用,具有较大发展潜力。

Technology and Economy Research on Ice Source Heat Pump System in Controlled Aquaculture

In view of the problems of high energy consumption and poor applicability of the current water temperature control system for sea cucumber farming, a technical idea based on efficient and clean heating of ice source heat pump, combining with seasonal cold storage, to achieve year-round cold and heat management was proposed. The ice source heat pump system and the seasonal cold storage ice source heat pump system were used to control the temperature of the water. A model was established to quantitatively compare and analyze the operating energy efficiency and technical economy of the system. The results showed that: (1) the coefficient of performance of the ice source heat pump system for heating and cooling were 3.33 and 3.39, respectively, and the primary energy ratio was 1.05, which was 34.6% higher than that of the coal-fired boiler and chiller system; the annual cost was the lowest; the payback period was 3 to 5 years; the ice source heat pump system has good economic benefits and application prospects; (2) the annual primary energy ratio of the seasonal cold storage ice source heat pump system was 1.46, which was 39.1% higher than the ice source heat pump system; the seasonal cold storage ice source heat pump system has the lowest annual operating cost; the application of seasonal cold storage technology has effectively improved the energy efficiency of the system, greatly reduced the operating cost of cold supply, and has great development potential.