免耕与覆盖对贵单8号玉米氮磷钾 养分吸收及产量的影响

在贵阳市花溪区黄壤旱地上进行田间试验，观测和分析了翻耕和免耕条件下秸秆低量，中量、高量覆 盖，地膜覆盖对贵单8 号玉米氮磷钾养分吸收及产量的影响，以评价和筛选出最佳的免耕覆盖组合模式，结果表明 与翻耕处理相比，免耕处理玉米单株氮，磷，钾平均吸收量分别增加了9.7%，11.8%和26.3%，2，不同耕作方式对 根茎叶分配量的影响为免耕>翻耕，翻耕\免耕条件下；氮素在根茎叶中的分配量为秸秆中量处理>地膜处理>秸秆高 量处理>秸秆低量处理>不覆盖处理与翻耕处理相比，免耕各处理玉米产量平均增加了5.1%~7.9%翻耕和免耕 下，玉米单株氮，磷，钾素吸收量，玉米亩产量均以秸秆中量覆盖处理最高地膜覆盖处理次之，秸秆高量覆盖处理大 于秸秆低量覆盖处理，不覆盖处理最低与传统的翻耕耕作方式相比免耕种植有利于贵单8 号玉米植株吸收氮磷 钾营养元素免耕地膜覆盖和免耕秸秆中量覆盖两种模式的产量较高，在生产中值得推广。

Effects of no-tillage and straw cover on NPK uptake, and field of Guidan 8 corn

Field experiment was conducted on yellow soil in Huaxi district of Guiyang. Observating and analyzing low straw medium strawhigh strawplastic cover of No-tillage and ploughing influenced on Guidan No.8 corn NPK uptake and output. To evaluate and select the best combination of no-till coverage model.The results showed:(1) No-tillage with maize plants absorbed the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus , potassium on average 9.73%, 11.77% and 26.25% higher than ploughing. (2) Nitrogen in the plant vegetative growth stage were mainly concentrated in the stems and leaves, mainly transfer and accumulate to grow organs between reproductive growth; phosphorus accumulation and distribution was not the same with nitrogen, in the redistribution, the accumulation of phosphorus in culm and sheath was transported to the clusters of approximately 30.2%~72.9%;However potassium was the same with phosphorus, but the proportion of redistribution of the leaves was relatively more, was 50.67%~74.65% .(3) No-tillage corn acre yield 5.1%~7.9% higher than ploughing. Whether ploughing or not, per corn strain NPK uptake and corn acre yield relationship was: covered with straw 9000kg/ hm2> covered with plastic film>covered with straw 12000kg/hm2>covered with straw 6 000 kg/hm2>no cover. Compared with the conventional tillage farming, no -tillage was good for Guidan No.8 corn NPK uptake; no -tillage plastic cover and medium straw cover two modes of production was higher, was worth promoting in the production.