生物通风堆肥法修复原油污染土壤的实验研究

通过模拟实验考察了生物通风堆肥方法修复吉林油田原油污染土壤的效果,探讨了石油污染物去除的途径和作用机制.实验结果表明:向原油污染的土壤中添加生物有机肥接种、采用生物通风堆肥法进行修复,效果较好.当原油污染土壤的含油量为7.00×104mg·kg-1时.经过40d处理,原油的去除率达45%以上,最大生物降解速率常数达到了0.0333 d-1,半衰期仅为20.82d.生物降解是污染物去除的主要途径,挥发去除的油低于土壤初始含油量的0.1%.在油污土:生物有机肥(干重)以8:2、7:3和5:5三个不同比例混合的实验中,以7:3比例混合时污染物的去除最彻底,完全生物降解率占总去除率的比例约为17%.原油组分含量的变化证实了原油生物降解的发生.原油的生物降解去除率与生物降解产生的CO2存在线性关系.污染物生物降解的速率和程度与微生物的数量和活性关系密切.

Remediation of crude oil-contaminated soil by bioventing and composting technology

Bioventing and microbial composting were used in the laboratory to simulate the remediation of crude oil-contaminated soil collected from the Jilin oil field.The contaminant removal paths and mechanism are discussed.The results showed that both of these methods were effective in the remediation process.After 40 days,45% of the crude oil was removed from the soil,given an original oil content of 7.00×10⁴ mg·kg^-1.The rate constant of biodegradation and half life were 0.0333 d^-1 and 20.82 d,respectively.Biodegradation was the main method of contaminant removal.Volatilization loss of crude oil was less than 0.1% of the initial crude oil content.Among the three tested ratios of contaminated soil to organic fertilizer(dry weight)of 8:2,7:3 and 5:5,the highest removal of crude oil was observed at a ratio of 7:3,in which the removal by complete biodegradation reached 17% of the total.Biodegradation of the oil contaminants was shown by the change of crude oil components.Linear relationships were found between the rate of crude oil biodegradation and the amount of CO₂ produced.The rate and degree of biodegradation were highly related to the number and activity of bacteria.