空床停留时间对生物活性滤池强化过滤效果研究

目的]研究空床停留时间（EBRT）对生物活性滤池强化过滤效果的影响,为生物活性滤池的生产过程提供理论依据。方法]以黄浦江水为水源水,常规沉淀出水为试验进水,采用活性炭-石英砂、活性炭-陶粒等不同滤料组合的生物活性滤池,研究在不同EBRT对有机物、氨氮的去除效果。结果]结果表明,随接触时间增加,采用不同介质的生物滤池对有机物、氨氮的去除效果相差不大,活性炭-石英砂双层滤料生物滤池去除效果相对较佳。EBRT为15、8和5 min时,活性炭-石英砂滤池CODMn平均去除率分别为19.86%、19.75%和11.30% UV254平均去除率分别为24.43%、18.00%和14.30% NH4＋-N平均去除率分别为73.10%、55.40%和61.60%。活性炭-陶粒CODMn平均去除率分别为18.83%、18.76%和10.46% UV254平均去除率分别为22.15%、16.70%和11.70% NH4＋-N平均去除率分别为67.10%、48.90%和60.10%。二者NO2--N去除率均不低于90%。结论]生物活性滤池能有效去除有机物、氨氮等污染物,随接触时间增加,生物过滤效果提高,EBRT达到8 min,继续增加停留时间,去除率增加不明显。

Effect of the Empty-bed Residence Time on the Filtering Pool of Biological Activity

Objective] The theoretical basis of the production procedure of the bioactive filter was provided through the research on the effect of empty bed residence time on it.Method] The normal sediment water from the Huangpu river being taken as entering source and the different filter materials in the bioactive filter such as the combination of activated carbon and quartz sand or activated carbon and ceramic and others being adopted in the experiment,the effect of EBRT on the removal of organic compounds and ammonia nitrogen was analyzed.Results] The results showed that the with the increment of the contacting time between medium and matter treated,there was no big difference in the effect of the different bioactive filter media on organic matter and nitrogen and the removal efficiency of activated carbon-double quartz sand was better than that of others.While the EBRT was 15,8 and 5 minutes,in the bioactive filter of activated carbon-quartz sand,the average removal rate of CODMn was 19.86%,19.75% and 11.30%;the average removal rate of UV254 was 24.43%,18.00% and 14.30%;the average removal rate of NH4+-N was 73.10%,55.40%and 61.60%,respectively;and in the bioactive filter of activated carbon and ceramic the average removal rate of CODMn was 18.83%,18.76% and 10.46%;the average removal rate of UV254 was 22.15%,16.70% and 11.70%;the average removal rate of NH4+-N was 67.10%,48.90% and 60.10%,respectively.The removal rate of NO2——N was more than 90% with both of two methods.Conclusion] The organic material,ammonia and other pollutants could be effectively removed with the bioactive filter and with the increment of contacting time,the removal effectiveness was improved and beyond 8 minutes in the EBRT,the removal effectiveness was not obviously increased.