不同生防菌对黄瓜根际土壤微生物数量及土壤酶活性的影响

采用盆栽试验的方法,于播种时穴施单一生防菌细菌D、放线菌317和木霉菌,研究黄瓜不同生育时期根际土壤中微生物数量及酶活性的动态变化。结果表明:细菌D和放线菌317的施入利于细菌和放线菌数量的增加,同时有效控制土壤中真菌数量的增加;木霉菌的施入利于土壤中放线菌真菌数量的增加;3个菌株对根际土壤中蔗糖酶、脲酶和过氧化氢酶都有促进的作用,在拉秧期各酶活达到最大值。拉秧期的结果表明,接种细菌D和放线菌317的处理可提高根际土壤中细菌的数量,降低真菌的数量,对放线菌数量的影响不明显;接种木霉处理可明显提高根际土壤中放线菌和真菌的数量,对细菌的数量影响不明显;3个菌株处理细菌与真菌数量比约为对照的1～2倍,放线菌与真菌的数量比约为对照的1～3倍。细菌D、放线菌317和木霉处理均可提高黄瓜根际土壤中过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶及脲酶的活性。

Effects of Different Biocontrol Agents on Soil Microbial Number and Enzyme Activity in the Cucumber Rhizosphere

Pot experiments were carried out to investigate effect of single biocontrol agents(bacteria D,actinomycetes 317,fungi) on soil microbial number and enzyme activity in the different growing stages cucumber rhizosphere.The treatment of bacteria D and actinomycetes 317 could raise the number of bacteria and actinomycetes,decrease the number of fungi;the treatment of fungi could raise the number of actinomycetes and fungi;three agents could raise the activity of Catalase,invertase,urease,the activity was the biggest in the wane period.The results in the wane period showed that the treatments of inoculating D bacteria and 317 actinomyces could increase the number of bacteria and decrease the number of fungi,but could not effect apparently the number of actinomyces;the treatment of inoculating Trichoderma could increase the number of actinomyces and fungi,but could not effect apparently the number of bactira;compared with the control,three treatments of the ratios of bactria and fungi raised 1-2 times,the ratios of actinomyces and fungi were increased apparently.Three different treatments could increase Catalase,invertase,urease activity of cucumber rhizosphere soil.