添加麦麸和乳酸菌对川西北高寒地区燕麦裹包青贮品质和有氧稳定性的影响

川西北高寒地区燕麦收获时含水量较高，环境温度较低，燕麦青贮品质不佳。本文为提高燕麦青贮品质，研究了自选乳酸菌发酵生物学特性，评价了麦麸和自选乳酸菌菌株对燕麦裹包青贮品质和有氧稳定性的影响，采用双因素试验设计：因素A,A₀:0%麦麸；A₁:30%麦麸；因素B,B₀:对照；B₁:Lactobacillus plantarum 160 (LP160);B₂:Lactobacillus brevis 248 (LB248);B₃:商业菌。每个裹包50 kg,每个处理3个重复。结果表明，自选菌株LP160和LB248在模拟冻融(20℃/-5℃)条件下生长迅速、产酸快。燕麦裹包青贮60 d后，添加麦麸后青贮干物质、粗蛋白、可溶性碳水化合物、乳酸显著增加(P<0.01),添加乳酸菌后青贮pH和氨态氮显著降低(P<0.01),其中A₀B₁组发酵品质最优，A₁B₁组营养品质最...

Effects of Wheat Bran and Lactic Acid Bacteria on Baled Oat Silage Quality and Aerobic Stability in the Alpine Region of Northwest Sichuan

The silage quality is poor in the alpine region of Northwest Sichuan because of its high moisture content and low temperature. To improve the quality of oat silage,two lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strain were selected and their fermentation characteristics were studied,and the effects of wheat bran and selected LAB strains on the quality and aerobic stability of baled oat silage were investigated. wheat bran added at different proportions,including (A₀) 0% wheat bran,(A₁) 30% wheat bran and treated with (B₀) sterilized deionized water (CK);(B₁) Selected LAB:Lactobacillus plantarum 160,LP160;(B₂) Selected LAB:L. brevis 248,LB248 and (B₃) Commercial LAB:L. plantarum and ensiled for 60 d. Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design in a 2-by-4 factorial arrangement of treatments. Each bale was around 50 kg,and each treatment was repeated three times. The results showed that the strains LP160 and LB248 grew quickly and produced acid rapidly at simulated freezing and thawing conditions (20℃/-5℃). Adding wheat bran significantly increased dry matter,crude protein and lactic acid concentration of oat silage (P<0.01) after 60 d of fermentation,while pH and ammonia nitrogen were decreased in LAB-treated silages (P<0.01). Among them,A₀B₁ group achieved better fermentation quality than other groups,while the highest nutritional quality was observed in A₁B₁ group. Therefore,wheat bran and selected strains could effectively improve the quality and aerobic stability of oat silage in the alpine region of Northwest Sichuan. It will provides technical support and theoretical basis for silage making in this area.