接受抗病毒治疗HIV/AIDS患者艾滋病心理痛苦现状及影响因素

目的：调查接受抗病毒治疗的HIV/AIDS患者艾滋病心理痛苦现状及影响因素。方法：2022 年3月—2022年6月，采用便利抽样法从北京地区艾滋病社会组织招募765例HIV/AIDS患者进行在线调查，调查内容为一般资料调查表和艾滋病心理痛苦量表。采用χ2检验、Fisher确切概率法和Logistic回归分析艾滋病心理痛苦的影响因素。结果：本次调查共收集有效数据765 份，被调查HIV/AIDS患者艾滋病心理痛苦检出率83.27%。Logistic回归分析结果表明没有固定工作（OR =5.004，95%CI =1.867～13.410，P =0.001）、接受抗病毒治疗1～3 年（OR =2.613，95%CI =1.354～5.044，P =0.004）、不按时服药（OR =31.277，95%CI =4.143～236.092，P =0.001）是艾滋病心理痛苦发生的危险因素，而已婚（OR =0.320，95%CI =0.187～0.550，P ＜0.001）、坚持使用安全套（OR =0.267，95%CI =0.127～0.563，P =0.001）、确诊时间长（OR =0.115，95%CI =0.024～0.550，P =0.007）、月收入＞1 0000元（OR =0.265，95%CI =0.095～0.737，P =0.011）是保护性因素。结论：接受抗病毒治疗的HIV/AIDS患者普遍存在艾滋病心理痛苦，其发生率较高，医护人员应重视艾滋病心理痛苦的评估，并及时对存在危险因素的患者进行干预，以期提高患者的生活质量。

Analysis of current situation and influencing factors of HIV-related psychological distress for HIV/AIDS patients who received antiretroviral therapy

Objective: To investigate the current status and influence factors of HIV-related psychological distress (HRPD) among HIV/AIDS patients who received antiretroviral therapy treatment (ART). Methods:A convenience sample of 765 PLWHA was recruited relying on HIV/AIDS prevention and control social organization in Beijing between March 2022 and June 2022, and they were surveyed online by using a general data questionnaire and HIV-related psychological distress scale. The influencing factors were analyzed by Chisquare,Fisher’s exact probability method and logistic regression. Results: A total of 765 valid subjects were included in this study, with the detection rate of HRPD being 83.27%. Logistic regression analysis showed that no fixed work (OR=5.004, 95%CI=1.867-13.410, P=0.001), receiving ART for 1-3 years (OR=2.613, 95%CI=1.354-5.044, P=0.004) and not taking medication on time (OR=31.277, 95%CI=4.143-236.092, P=0.001) were risk factors for HRPD, while marriage (OR=0.320, 95%CI=0.187-0.550, P<0.001), adhering to condom use (OR=0.267, 95%CI=0.127-0.563, P=0.001), long time for diagnosis (OR=0.115, 95%CI=0.024-0.550, P=0.007),and high monthly income (>10 000 yuan) (OR=0.265, 95%CI=0.095-0.737, P=0.011) were protective factors.Conclusion: HRPD is common among HIV/AIDS patients who received ART, which is of high prevalence. It is suggested that healthcare workers should pay attention to the HRPD evaluation and provide timely interventionfor patients with risk factors so as to improve their-living quality.