我国城市工业污染中的市场失灵和政府失灵探析

通过对我国城市工业污染现象的原因进行分析发现,市场失灵和政府失灵是造成环境污染的原因,市场失灵是不可避免的,政府失灵存在的原因在于我国政府当前政治体制、环保治理法律机制和中国政府从上至下的GDP主义。分析结论是,治理我国城市环境污染应尽量避免治理市场失灵时的政府失灵现象,现阶段必须以政府为主导来推动环境保护工作,因此应该从制度创新着手解决这一问题,应该改革环保管理的政治法律体制,形成监督和激励约束并重的环保运行体制。

Analysis on Market Failure and Government Failure of Urban Industrial Pollution Problem in China

This paper analyzes the cause of urban pollution in China, and then concludes that market failure and government failure are the reasons. Market failure is inevitable, and the reasons for government failure are the current political system of our government, legal mechanisms of environmental protection and GDP doctrine of Chinese govern-ment from the top to the bottom. We should avoid government failure when we control market failure during the treatment of urban environmental pollution. At the present stage, the government should lead the promotion of environmental protection, and we should start the institutional innovation to solve this issue. We should reform political and legal system of environmental protection to form a system of environmental protection of supervision and incentive.