Improving the quality of shortwave broadcast reception indoors byusing an anti-fading probe antenna

When shortwave (SW) broadcasts are received on self-contained receivers indoors, there generally is a reduction in signal strength and an increase in the speed and depth of fading in comparison with reception in open spaces outdoors. Even when the received signal level is adequate, the quality of reception indoors is degraded. This comes about because the fields indoors are a superposition of components of radiated signal from the distant transmitter plus other components representing energy reradiated or scattered by nearby conductors such as house wiring or plumbing. Since many of the near-field components originate very close to the receiver, it is possible to reduce their effect by deriving the receiver input from two or more probes-i.e., pickup devices specially designed to respond to fields in their immediate vicinity without disturbing those fields. To achieve the desired probe action, advantage can be taken of the high input impedance of portable, battery-powered receivers designed for use with small telescoping whip antennas. Spacing of multiple probes in the order of a few tens of centimeters suffices to give an output significantly smoother and of higher quality than that obtainable with the receiver's whip antenna by itself. The high signal levels of many SW broadcasts make it practical to use small, inefficient antennas. This article describes an Anti-Fading Probe Antenna (APA), which produces a worthwhile improvement in reception quality indoors. It is simple to build, requires no adjustment, and may even improve received signal quality in some outdoor situations