无公害蔬菜生产中重金属含量的控制技术

综述农田土壤重金属污染的现状、修复和调控的重要性及对无公害生产的影响,提出用农艺调控和植物修复技术来治理和修复重金属污染的土壤,其中农艺调控措施主要包括施加化学改良剂、增施有机肥、离子间的拮抗作用、改变耕作制度、改变蔬菜布局和品种以及合理施用化肥,降低重金属从土壤向蔬菜中的迁移等,利用超累积植物吸收并去除土壤中重金属的植物提取技术是最有前景的植物修复技术。

Control Technique of Heavy Metal Content in Production of Pollution - free Vegetables

Heavy metals are important environmental pollutants,and heavy metal contamination in the farmland soil relates directly to the production of pollution-free vegetables.The current situation of farmland heavy metal contamination,the importance of remediation and regulation and its influence on pollution-free production were introduced.Managing and remediating heavy metal contaminated soil with agronomy regulation and phytoremediation were also proposed.Agronomy regulation measures mainly included exerting chemical modifier and organic fertilizer,antagonistic functions between heavy metals and other metal ions,changing the cropping system,changing the vegetable layout and variety as well as utilizing chemical fertilizer rationally to reduce heavy metals migrating from soil to vegetables and so on.One of most promising phytoremediation techniques was phytoextraction,which utilized hyperaccumulators to absorb and remove heavy metals in the soil.