血流剪切应力和剪切率与动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的关系

目的：应用超声多普勒探讨剪切应力和剪切率与动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的关系。方法：对180例患者，572个动脉粥样硬化斑块的分布情况进行统计分析，观测血流剪切率与剪切应力。结果：572个动脉粥样硬化斑块发生在颈动脉窦部及分叉处267个（46．68％），颈总动脉起始部188个（32．86％），颈总动脉中段26个（4．55％），肠系膜上动脉起始处15个（2．62％），肾动脉起始处9个（1．57％），髂总动脉起始部47个（8．2％），髂总动脉分叉处13个（2．27％），股动脉7个（1．22％），升主动脉没有斑块形成。斑块多发生在动脉分叉（起始）处、分叉周围及动脉增宽区。结论：血流剪切应力增高和剪切应力与剪切率减低是导致动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的重要因素。

Relationship between shearing stress, shear rate and atherosclerosis

Objective:To determine the relationship between shearing stress, shear rate and atherosclerosis by Doppler ultrasound technique.Methods:The distribution of 572 arterial plaques in 180 patients were analysed statistically, and arterial shear rate was calculated as well.Results:Among 572 arterial plaques, there were 267 in bifurcation of carotid sinus (46.68%), 188 in initiation of carotid artery (32.86%), 26 in midportion of carotid artery (4.55%), 15 in initiation of superior mesenteric artery (2.62%), 9 in initiation of renal artery (1.57%), 47 in initiation of common iliac artery (8.2%), 13 in bifurcation of common iliac artery (2.27%), 7 in femoral artery (1.22%), there were not arterial plaque in ascending aorta. There were plaques more in bifurcation (initiation), bifurcation surroundings, and broad area of artery.Conclusion:High shearing stress or lower shearing stress and shear rate are associated with atherosclerosis.