失业保险制度发展的国际经验及对我国立法的启示

世界失业保险经历了从自愿保险到强制保险、从失业保险到就业保险、从就业保险到社会救济体系的发展过程，总的趋势是兼顾失业保障和就业促进。我国的失业保险制度所存在的现实困境是强化“身份差别”下的“贫困救济”，目前，失业保险制度在预防失业与促进就业功能仍显不足。有必要借鉴发达国家的立法经验，加强我国失业保险制度的立法构建，健全失业保险法律制度体系，以“人类需求”为标准，扩大失业保险的覆盖范围，完善失业保险给付期限、方式与标准，增强失业保险对促进就业的作用。

The International Trend of The Development of Unemployment Insurance and The Enlightenment to Unemployment Insurance Legislation

The unemployment insurance has experienced the developing process from the voluntary insurance to compulsory insurance, from unemployment insurance to employment insurance, from the employment insurance to the social relief system. The general trend of it could be concluded as taking both unemployment insurance and employment promotion into consideration. And the current predicament existed in the practicing unemployment insurance system in China is to intensify the“poverty relief”under the“identities difference”. And now, there still is insufficiency of the unemployment insurance system in preventing unemployment and promoting employment. So it is necessary to learn from developed countries’ legislative experiences to strengthen Chinese legislation construction of the unemployment insurance system, perfect the legal system of unemployment insurance, and expand the coverage of unemployment insurance, perfect the term, mode and standard of the unemployment insurance payment, increase the role of the unemployment insurance in promoting employment with the standard of“human orientation”.