微波诱导光学核极化进展

微波诱导光学核极化（Microwave-Induced Optical Nuclear Polarization，MIONP）技术利用光激发三重态样品来极化电子，再用微波将处于非热平衡态的电子极化转移到待检测原子核，将原子核的检测灵敏度提高几个量级甚至更多．这种灵敏度极化增强方法可以用来进行蛋白质结构和动力学检测、光化学和光物理进程的基础研究、量子计算和低场核磁共振（Low-field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance,Low-field NMR）与磁共振成像（Magnetic Resonance Imaging,MRI）应用研究．该文简要分析了MIONP的物理原理及其在核极化增强中的优势，结合实验条件综述了一些重要的成果．最后，对微波诱导光学核极化的前景作了展望．

A Review on Microwave-Induced Optical Nuclear Polarization

Microwave-induced optical nuclear polarization (MIONP) can enhance nuclear spin polarization by several orders of magnitude. In MIONP, non-equilibrium electronic polarization was first enhanced through photo-excited triplet states, which is then transferred to nuclei by microwave irradiation. The potential applications of MIONP include probing structure and dynamics of proteins, studies of photochemical and photophysical processes, quantum computing and low-field NMR/MRI. In this review, we introduce the principles of MIONP and its application in nuclear polarization enhancement. The experimental setups, recent progresses, novel applications and future possibilities of MIONP are discussed.