遥感技术在地质遗迹调查评价中的应用——以陕西华县莲花寺滑坡为例

针对地质遗迹资源调查依靠野外考察效率低、成本高及容易造成资源遗漏问题,将高空间分辨率卫星遥感技术引入地质灾害遗迹调查评价。基于IKONOS多光谱数据进行自然彩色变换,采用乘积法变换与全色数据进行融合,将遥感数据与DEM数据叠加生成三维遥感影像图,在遥感解译和野外调查的基础上,对莲花寺高速远程滑坡的形态特征、堆积体结构、成灾范围、成因机理及动力学过程进行研究,为陕西华县莲花寺滑坡地质遗迹评价提供直接的依据。研究结果表明:高空间分辨率卫星遥感技术应用于地质灾害遗迹调查评价,相对于传统野外考察等手段具有无比的优势。陕西华县莲花寺高速远程滑坡类型、特征、规模具有国际性对比意义,属国际罕见的滑坡灾害遗迹点,其稀有性对于研究高速远程滑坡这类特殊地质景观具有重要的现实意义,具有极高的科考研究和科普教育价值。

The Application of Remote Sensing to Investigation and Assessment of Geological Relics: A Case Study of Lianhuasi Landslides in Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province

The geological relics survey mainly relies on field survey, which has the disadvantages of low efficiency and high cost, and the resources are easily missed. In view of such a situation, this paper introduced high spatial remote sensing image in geological relics investigation and assessment. Firstly, the authors converted IKONOS multi-spectral image to nature color, then merged the multi-spectral image with high resolution band pan using multiplication, superposed the remote sensing data upon DEM data to form three dimensional remote sensing images and, on such a basis, interpreted landslide mass and provided the basis for the geological relic investigation and assessment of Lianhuasi landslide. The results show that it is very advantageous, practicable and economical to study geological relics with the high spatial resolution remote sensing data. Lianhuasi landslides is the rare geological relics of high speed and long distance landslides in the world, and hence it has extremely high value of scientific investigation research and popular science education for high speed and long distance landslides with international comparison significance.