2014~2018年保山市食源性疾病病例监测结果分析

目的 分析保山市食源性疾病病例监测结果, 掌握发病特点和发生规律。方法 收集2014~2018年保山市6家哨点医院通过食源性疾病监测报告系统上报的食源性疾病病例个案4897例, 对食源性疾病病例监测数据进行统计分析。结果 所报告食源性疾病病例男女比为1.03:1, 病例中最小年龄为出生50天, 最大年龄96岁, 多发于25~55岁(50.42%), 农村居民多于城镇居民, 农民为主(55.28%); 6~8月为高发期; 临床表现以消化系统症状为主; 采集652份粪便标本中, 检出致病微生物24株, 检出率3.68%, 致泻大肠埃希氏菌检出率最高; 可疑食品以毒蘑菇、肉与肉制品、蔬菜类及其制品、附片为主; 家庭是主要暴露场所。结论 有针对性的在农村家庭开展预防毒蘑菇、附子(川乌、草乌)及微生物性食物中毒的健康教育, 可有效减少食源性疾病的发生。

Analysis of the surveillance results of foodborne disease cases in Baoshan city from 2014 to 2018

Objective To analyze the monitoring results of foodborne disease cases in Baoshan city, and to master the characteristics and occurrence rules of the disease. Methods A total of 4897 cases of food-borne diseases reported by the food-borne disease surveillance report system were collected from 6 sentinel hospitals in Baoshan city from 2014 to 2018. The surveillance data of food-borne diseases were analyzed statistically. Results The reported ratio of male to female cases of foodborne illness was 1.03:1. The minimum age of the cases was 50 days after birth, and the maximum age was 96 years old, most of which were between 25 and 55 years old (50.42%). Rural residents were more than urban residents, with the majority of farmers (55.28%). The period of high incidence was from June to August. The clinical manifestations were mainly digestive system symptoms. Among the 652 fecal samples collected, 24 pathogenic microorganisms were detected, with the detection rate of 3.68%, and the detection rate of Escherichia coli causing diarrhea was the highest. The suspect foods were mainly poisonous mushrooms, meat and meat products, vegetables and their products, and supplementary slices. Families were the main exposed places. Conclusion Targeted health education on prevention of poisonous mushroom, aconite (aconite, aconite) and microbial food poisoning in rural households can effectively reduce the occurrence of food-borne diseases.