煤电纵向关系中的电力产业买方势力研究

运用电煤价格偏离度指标来衡量煤电纵向关系中的电力产业买方市场势力。结果表明，电力产业作为整个煤炭产业买方的市场势力不断增强，而且在其他因素不变的情况下，电煤价格偏离度越小，煤炭产业的销售利润率就越高，即电力产业的买方势力与煤炭产业经济绩效存在负相关关系。要从根本上理顺煤电关系，关键在于实行煤电一体化，以减少煤炭企业、电力企业和政府之间的博弈成本，煤、电企业之间的交易成本以及交易的不确定性。

MARKET POWER OF ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY AS THE BUYER OF COAL INDUSTRY

The paper uses deviation degree of power generation coal price to measure the market power of electric power industry as the buyer of coal industry. It is shown that the buyer power of electric power industry is increasing; and other things being equal, the smaller deviation of the power generation coal price is, the more profits the coal industry gains, i.e., the buyer power of electric power industry negatively correlated with the economic performance of coal industry. In order to construct a sound relation between coal industry and electric power industry, the integration of coal industry and electric power industry is important, which can decrease the gaming cost among coal enterprises, electric power enterprises and the government, the trading cost and uncertainty between coal and electric power enterprises.