中医院医院感染现患率的调查与分析

目的 了解医院感染现患率及抗菌药物使用情况.方法 对调查日0:00-24:00所有住院患者采用查看病历和床旁相结合的方式进行调查,对数据进行统计分析.结果 医院感染现患率为2.35％；医院感染部位以下呼吸道为主,占64.71％,其次为泌尿系感染；针灸科、肿瘤科是医院感染的高发科室；医院感染细菌培养率为70.59％,分离病原菌以白色假丝酵母菌为主,占42.86％；全院抗菌药物的使用率为33.24％,二联使用率为11.95％,无≥三联用药；冠心病重症监护病房及ICU、呼吸科、外科系统科室抗菌药物使用率较高.结论 加强医院感染高发疾病和高发科室的监测,采取有效干预措施,控制医院感染；加强抗菌药物的临床应用管理,特别是围手术期预防应用抗菌药物的监管工作；同时发挥中医药优势,减少抗菌药物的使用及二重感染.

Investigation and analysis of prevalence rate of nosocomial infections in traditional Chinese medicine hospitals

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence rate of nosocomial infections and the use of antibiotics.METHODS All of the hospitalized patients at survey day from 0∶00-24∶00 were investigated by the combination of review of medical records and the bedside investigation,statistical analysis was performed on the data.RESULTS The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 2.35%;the lower respiratory tract was the infection site,accounting for 64.71%,followed by the urinary tract;the department of acupuncture and the department of oncology were the high-risk departments for the infections;the rate of the culture of the bacteria causing nosocomial infections was 70.59%,Candida albicans was the predominant pathogen isolated,accounting for 42.86%;the utilization rate of antibiotics was 33.24%,the use rate of two-drug combination was 11.95%,there was no three-drug combination treatments,the utilization rates of antibiotics in the ICU of coronary heart diseases,ICU and the departments of surgical system were relatively higher.CONCLUSION It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance for the high incidence of nosocomial infectious diseases and the high-risk departments and take effective intervention measures so as to control nosocomial infections;the management of clinical application of antibiotics,the surveillance of prophylactic use of antibiotics during perioperative period in particularly,should be intensified,meanwhile it should play the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine so as to reduce the frequency of using antibiotics as well as the superinfections.