基于区块链的粮食防伪溯源系统的设计与实现

针对粮食溯源系统的安全问题，传统的中心化存储数据在各企业之间存在着信任问题，消费者在进行溯源查询时同时存在着安全问题。以大米为研究对象，构建粮食供应链溯源模型，搭建基于Hyperledger Fabric的防伪溯源系统，设计数据上链以及查询的智能合约。组织节点添加作物生成编号并关联溯源ID，将二维码、溯源ID与区块链相结合实现防伪溯源，设计本地及链上双存储方式并进行数据校验后返回信息。为保障二维码的安全性，应用改进RSA加密算法生成密钥对，使用公钥加密，私钥解密的形式对溯源ID生成加密二维码，消费者解密时从链上获取私钥对密文解密获取溯源ID。设计小程序并验证改进RSA算法的有效性，将小程序运用在区块链溯源并进行测试应用。测试结果表明，具有防篡改功能的区块链网络与小程序结合可以满足消费者溯源查询的基本需求，可以实现更安全快捷的溯源模式，保障了粮食信息的安全性。

Design and Implementation of Food Security Traceability System Based on Blockchain

In view of the security problem of food traceability system, the traditional centralized data storage has the trust problem among enterprises, and consumers also have the security problem when conducting traceability query. Taking rice as the research object, this paper constructs a grain supply chain traceability model, builds an anti-counterfeiting traceability system based on Hyperledger Fabric, and designs a smart contract for data up-link and query. Organize nodes to add crop generation number and associate traceability ID, combine two-dimensional code, traceability ID and blockchain to achieve anti-counterfeiting traceability, design local and on-chain dual storage methods, and return information after data verification. In order to ensure the security of the QR code, the improved RSA encryption algorithm is used to generate a key pair, and the form of public key encryption and private key decryption is used to generate an encrypted QR code for the traceability ID. The consumer obtains the private key from the chain to decrypt the ciphertext. Design small program and verify the effectiveness of improved RSA algorithm, apply small program in blockchain traceability and test application. The test results show that the combination of blockchain network with tamper-proof function and small program can meet the basic demand of consumer traceability query, realize a safer and faster traceability mode, and ensure the security of food information.