自我控制、社会资本与青少年药物滥用普遍化:香港的例子

目的:探讨香港特别行政区青少年现时违禁药物使用的趋势和模式,并检验3项近期的越轨行为理论,包括自我控制理论、社会资本概念与风险社会理论,来比较自我控制与社会结构因素对青少年药物滥用普遍化的影响力。资料和方法:分析香港禁毒处的药物滥用数据,以及对一项于2002年-2004年向香港边缘青少年及中学生进行的药物滥用调查作出分析。结果:本文发现,从上世纪90年代开始,香港青少年药物使用的普遍程度急速上升,药物使用在青少年当中多属消遣性质,通常在包括的士高、狂野派对及卡拉唱歌酒廊等娱乐场所进行,“摇头丸”及“K仔”是最常服用的派对药物。此外,研究结果支持低自我控制力及缺乏社会资本是青少年滥药(滥用药物)的成因,但风险社会心态对青少年药物使用的行为却没有显著的预测能力。结论:研究结果对青少年越轨行为理论及药物滥用干预策略有重要的提示。

SELF-CONTROL,SOCIAL CAPITAL AND RISING PREVALENCE OF DRUG USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS: THE CASE OF HONG KONG

Objective:To find out the trend and pattern of contemporary drug use among young people in Hong Kong and to test three recent deviance perspectives,namely,self-control theory,the social capital perspective and the risk society perspective,so as to examine the strength of self-control and social structural factors in predicting the rising prevalence of adolescent drug use.Methods:Data for the analysis are drawn from official drug statistics of Narcotics Division and a recent survey conducted in 2002-2004 of drug use of Hong Kong students and marginal youths.Results:There has been a rapid increase of the prevalence of drug use among Hong Kong adolescents since the 1990s.A majority of drug use in youths has been recreational,mostly taking place at entertainment settings of discos,rave parties and Karaoke lounges,where party drugs,notably Ecstasy and ketamine,are commonly used.Moreover,self-control and social capital are found to play more significant roles in affecting drug use,whereas the risk society mentality does not effectively predict drug use in young people.Conclusion:Findings of this study have theoretical implications for delinquency theories as well as practical implications for drug intervention strategy.