Tangent hyperbolic nanofluid with mixed convection flow: An application of improved Fourier and Fick's diffusion model

This article presents a tangent hyperbolic fluid with the effect of the combination of forced and natural convection flow of nanoparticle past a bidirectional extending surface. Modified Fick's and Fourier's diffusion theories are incorporated into concentration and energy equations, respectively. Convective boundary conditions and second‐order slip flow are taken in the boundary condition. Nonlinear partial differential equations result after boundary layer approximations of the mathematical formulation of the flow problem. Nonlinear high order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are formed by applying similarity transformation on the nonlinear partial differential equations. The transformed equations are solved with the bvp4c algorithm from Matlab. The numerical solution of ODEs was obtained and the effect of interesting parameters, dimensionless velocity component along x‐ and y‐axis, temperature, and concentration particle, Re_x, Re_y, , and , were presented through tables and graphs and discussed thoroughly. The results indicated that a decrease in velocity along with the y‐axis results from the increasing behavior of S, M, and n. Decrease in both temperature and concentration results in an increase of but their elongation is a result of increase in Bi. An increase in concentration results in decrease of N and S but a decrease in concentration results in the widening of Sc, Nb, and . Furthermore, enlargement of and results in increase of and modules and elongation of both and results in increase of and (Sc and Nb), respectively. A comparison with previously published literature was performed and a good agreement was found.