两种气道内深部吸痰方法的效果观察及护理

目的探讨两种气道内深部吸痰方法的效果。方法将40例清理呼吸道无效、抗拒吸痰的患者,根据吸痰方法分为观察组21例,对照组19例。两组均用口咽通气管建立临时气道,对照组用普通枕头垫高肩部(≤10cm)后行气道内深部吸痰;观察组用吸痰枕垫高肩部15cm后行气道内深部吸痰。观察记录两组患者吸痰效果(吸痰次数、吸痰量)和气道黏膜损伤情况。结果观察组气道黏膜损伤发生率低于对照组;每日吸痰次数较对照组少;每次吸痰量较对照组多,两组比较,均P0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论采用肩部抬高15cm,暂时留置吸痰管等方法行气道内深部吸痰,可提高吸痰效果和降低气道黏膜损伤的发生。

Effects of two methods for deep endotracheal sputum suction

Objective To explore the effects of two methods for deep endotracheal suction.Methods Forty patients who had ineffective airway clearance or lung infections or refused suction were randomly divided into observation group （n=21） and control group （n=19）.Temporay airway was established by using oropharyngeal airway.Then,the control group received subglottic suction after pading the shoulder with ordinary pillow （≤10cm）,while the observation group received subglottic suction after pading the shoulder with homemade pillow （=15cm）.The two groups were compared in terms of sputum suction effect and mucosal injury.Results There was no incidence of mucosal injury in the observation group but three in the control group.The times of suctioning in the observation group were fewer than those of the control group and the volume for suctioning was larger as well （allP〈0.05）.Conclusion Deep endotracheal suction through oropharyngeal airway,shoulder elevation for 15cm,temporary indwelling of suction tubes can achieve better suction effect without corresponding complications.