雌、雄大鼠去势对HPA轴分泌功能影响的比较

目的 观察去势手术后雌、雄大鼠在低性激素状态下下丘脑—垂体—肾上腺（HPA）轴功能的变化，证实性激素可对HPA轴的功能产生影响，并分析这种影响是否存在性别差异和时长效应。方法 选用SPF级8周龄SD大鼠80只（雌雄各半），体重180～220g，采用完全随机设计法，利用随机数字表将其分为雄性模型组、雄性对照组、雌性模型组、雌性对照组，每组20只大鼠，适应性饲养一周后行去势手术，于造模后第3周及第13周心尖取血，采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清中促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素（CRH）、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）、皮质酮（CORT）含量并进行统计分析。结果 经检测造模第3周雄性模型组大鼠血清CRH、CORT含量显著低于对照组（P<0.01），血清ACTH含量低于对照组（P<0.05）；雌性模型组大鼠血清CRH、CORT含量均低于对照组（P<0.05），血清ACTH含量有下降趋势。造模第13周，雄性模型组大鼠血清CORT含量显著低于对照组（P<0.01），其他激素含量变化不明显；雌性模型组大鼠血清CORT含量低于对照组(P<0.05)，其他激素含量变化不明显。雌、雄模型组大鼠造模后第13周与第3周组内相比CRH、ACTH、CORT的含量均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论 无论雌、雄，去势均可造成大鼠HPA轴功能的紊乱，表现为外周血CRH、ACTH、CORT水平下降，雄激素对雄鼠HPA轴的影响要大于雌激素对雌鼠的影响。推测雄激素可能更加有利于上述三种激素的产生。当雌、雄大鼠处于稳定的低性激素状态，其HPA轴分泌功能不随着大鼠周龄的增长而发生改变。

Comparison of effects of castration on the secretory function of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in male and female rats

Objective To investigate the changes of hypothalamic - pituitary - adrenal (HPA) axis in male and female castrated rats, and confirm that sex hormones can affect the function of HPA axis and explore if this affect has relationship with gender and the last of time. Method Eighty SPF SD rats (male and female half) aged 8 weeks,weight of 180 ~ 220 g,were completely randomly divided into male model group, male control group, female model group and female control group,20 rats each group.After one week rats in male model group and female model group had castrated surgery. At the 3 week and the 13 week after castrated surgery all rats serum was collected from heart apical,and was detected and statistically analyzed serum corticotropin releasing hormone(CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol(CORT) content by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA). Results Detecting the serum at the 3 week after castrated surgery, serum CRH and CORT content in male model group were significantly lower than those in male control group(P < 0.01), and serum ACTH content in male model group was lower than that in male control group (P < 0.05); serum CRH and CORT content in female model group were lower than those in female control group (P < 0.05),and compared with female control group serum ACTH content in female model group decreased . Detecting the serum at the 13 week after castrated surgery, serum CORT content in male model group was significantly lower than that in male control group (P < 0.01), other hormones changes were not obvious; serum CORT content in female model group was lower than that in female control group (P < 0.05), other hormones changes was not obvious. In the 13 week after building model, compared to the 3 week, serum CRH, ACTH and CORT content had no significantly differences with in male model group(P>0.05). And female model group had the same result. Conclusions Being castrated can cause dysfunction of the HPA axis, and this influence exits in male rats as well as female. But Androgen effects on male rats is greater than estrogen effects on female rats. Castration can cause peripheral blood CRH, ACTH and CORT levels drop. Androgen may be more conducive to secretion of CRH, ACTH and CORT than that on female . In the condition of low sex hormone levels, these 3 hormones secretion has no relationship with the growth of the week-age of rats.