脑卒中吞咽障碍患者吸入性肺炎的危险评估与护理干预

目的 使用吞水试验评估脑卒中吞咽障碍患者吸入性肺炎的危险度,并探讨护理干预对改善吞咽功能及减少吸入性肺炎的作用。方法 180例经吞水试验证实的脑卒中吞咽障碍患者随机分为两组:干预组90例在常规护理基础上,采取体位、饮食、吞咽基础功能训练;对照组90例仅给予常规护理。1个月后观察两组患者吞咽功能的改善情况及吸入性肺炎发生率。结果 干预组吞咽康复的总有效率为92.2%,明显高于对照组的57.8%(P＜0.05);吸入性肺炎发生率为12.2%,明显低于对照组的42.2%(P＜0.05)。结论 针对性护理干预能改善脑卒中患者吞咽功能,减少吸入性肺炎的发生。

Risk assessment and nursing intervention of aspiration pneumonia in stroke patients with dyspepsia

Objective To assess the risk of aspiration pneumonia using water swallow test and explore the benefits of nursing intervention on swallowing recovery and preventing aspiration pneumonia in stroke patients with dyspepsia . Methods 180 stroke patients with dysphagia identified by water wallow test were randomly devided into 2 groups,90 patients in the intervention group were given alternative feeding posture, dietary modifications and the swallow function training in addition to the common nursing care. 90 patients in the control group were only given common nursing care. The improvement of dysphpsia and incidence of aspiration pneumonia in two groups were observed after 1 month. Results The total effective rate of swallow recovery of the intervention group is 92. 2%, it was significantly higher than 57. 8% in the control group （P〈 0.05）. The incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the intervention group is 12.2%, obviously lower than that of the control group （P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Nursing intervention can promote swallowing recovery and prevent aspiration pneumonia in the stroke patients with dysphagia.