甘草甜素镁的合成及其辐射防护作用研究

目的研究甘草甜素衍生物-甘草甜素镁（Gly-Mg）的合成及其辐射防护作用。方法采用甘草甜素（Gly）与镁进行取代反应合成Gly-Mg化合物，并应用磁共振氢谱及质谱鉴定其结构。以137Cs γ射线照射的ICR小鼠为实验对象，将小鼠分为5组:单纯照射对照组（生理盐水）、Gly（50 mg/kg）给药照射组、Gly-Mg低、中、高剂量给药照射组（25 mg/kg、50 mg/kg、75 mg/kg）。7.8 Gy致死剂量照射小鼠，观察各组照射小鼠（12只/组）30 d存活率。6.0 Gy亚致死剂量照射小鼠进行体内抗辐射实验，计算各组小鼠（8只/组）脏器指数，并测定WBC计数、骨髓有核细胞数、骨髓DNA的含量和脾结节数。采用Student-Newman-Keuls检验进行多组间显著性差异分析，两组间比较采用t检验。结果磁共振氢谱及质谱鉴定表明，成功合成化合物Gly-Mg。小鼠30 d存活率实验结果表明，Gly 50 mg/kg给药照射组、Gly-Mg低、中、高剂量给药照射组小鼠的存活率由单纯照射对照组的8.3%分别升高至25.0%、25.0%、33.3%、41.7%，Gly-Mg高剂量给药照射组小鼠平均存活天数明显延长，差异有统计学意义（t=3.418，P < 0.05）。小鼠体内抗辐射活性实验结果表明，与单纯照射组比较，Gly-Mg低、中、高给药照射组受照小鼠的胸腺指数（t=3.259、7.580、3.415，均P < 0.01）、脾指数、肝脏指数（t=4.615、1.797，均P < 0.05；t=3.341，P < 0.01）、性腺指数（t=1.826，P < 0.05；t=2.631、2.893，均P < 0.01）均有增高，其中胸腺指数和肝脏指数、性腺指数差异具有统计学意义；Gly-Mg中剂量给药照射组可显著提高WBC计数（t=2.888，P < 0.01）、骨髓有核细胞数（BMNC）（t=4.570，P < 0.05）、骨髓DNA含量（t=6.139，P < 0.01）和脾结节数（t=1.872，P < 0.05），差异均有统计学意义。结论Gly-Mg合成步骤简单，易获得。Gly-Mg具有显著的辐射防护作用，有望开发成为辐射防护药。

Study on the synthesis and anti-radiation activity of glycyrrhizin magnesium

ObjectiveTo explore the synthesis and anti-radiation activity of glycyrrhizin magnesium through classic animal experiments.MethodsThe Gly-Mg compound was synthesized by the substitution reaction of glycyrrhizin(Gly) and magnesium, and the structure was identified by magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. ICR mice irradiated with 137Cs γ-rays were used as experimental subjects. The mice were divided into 5 groups:single-irradiation control group (physiological saline), Gly (50 mg/kg) group, Gly-Mg low, medium and high dose administration groups (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg).The 30-day survival rate of mice irradiated with 7.8 Gy (lethal dose) and the 7-day radiation resistance of mice irradiated with 6.0Gy (sub-between groups. The t-test was used to compare the two groups.ResultsThe Gly-Mg was successfully synthesized. After the irradiation of 7.8 Gy γ-ray emitted from 137Cs radiation resource, the survival rates of mice irradiated with 7.8 Gy and given Gly-Mg at 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg increased to 25.0%, 33.3%, and 41.7%, respectively. The average survival time was prolonged significantly compared with the control group(t=3.418, P < 0.05). The thymus index(t=3.259, 7.580, 3.415, all P < 0.05), spleen index, liver index(t=4.615, 1.797, both P < 0.05; t=3.341, P < 0.01), gonadal index(t=1.826, P < 0.05; t=2.631, 2.893, both P < 0.01) were improved of all Gly-Mg irradiated groups. Thymus, liver, and gonad indexes were statistically significant in different groups. The medium dose group of Gly-Mg significantly increased the number of WBC(t=2.888, P < 0.01), bone marrow n ucleated(t=4.570, P < 0.05), percentages of DNA(t=6.139, P < 0.01), and colony forming unit of spleen(t=1.872, P < 0.05) the difference was statistically significant.ConclusionsThe steps involved in Gly-Mg synthesis are simple, and raw materials are easily available. Gly-Mg showed a protective effect against damage induced by irradiation. It is expected to be developed into anti-radiation drugs.