海绵城市建设雨水基础设施优化配置研究进展

气候变化和快速城市化改变了城市生态水文循环过程，加剧了水资源短缺、水环境污染、水生态破坏、暴雨洪涝灾害等城市问题。为获取低影响开发措施（low impact development，LID）/绿色基础设施（green infrastructure，GI）与城市灰色基础设施耦合系统空间优化配置方案以及多目标成本-效益最优曲线，本文系统归纳了不同规划目标导向下新建、改建城区海绵城市建设核心指标与控制要点；针对现有研究中的科学和技术问题，构建了雨水基础设施区域优化配置模式，主要由雨水基础设施性能指标数据库、成本效益定量化及计算机辅助决策三部分构成。探讨了数值计算和模型模拟中典型LID设施的关键参数及其性能指标；基于环境经济学理论分析了海绵城市建设成本和效益指标定量化方法；探索有限成本投入下，改善城市水环境、水生态、水资源、水安全的多目标智能优化算法，结合模型模拟以实现城市生态水文良性循环和可持续发展。

Advances in research of optimal rainwater infrastructure configuration in sponge city construction

Climate change and rapid urbanization have modified the process of urban eco-hydrologic cycle,aggravating urban problems such as water shortage,water environment pollution,water ecology destruction,and rainstorm flood disaster.This paper presents a systematic summary of the core indexes and control points of sponge city construction in new and rebuilt urban areas with different planning objectives,to obtain the spatial optimal allocation scheme and multi-objective cost-benefit optimal curve of a system coupling low impact development(LID)facilities or green infrastructure(GI)with urban gray infrastructures.Aimed at the existing issues in research,a regional optimal allocation pattern of rainwater infrastructure is constructed,comprising three major parts–performance index database of rainwater infrastructure,cost-benefit quantification,and computer aided decision-making.The key parameters and performance indexes of typical LID facilities in numerical calculation and model simulation are discussed.Then,the method of quantifying sponge city construction with cost and benefit indexes is analyzed by applying the theory of environmental economics.Finally,multi-objective intelligent optimization schemes are explored for improving urban water environment,water ecology,water resources,and water security with limited cost input.Meanwhile,model simulations are combined to realize the virtuous cycle and sustainable development of urban ecology and hydrology.