黑菊芋多糖的润肠通便和调节肠道菌群作用

该研究旨在探索黑菊芋多糖对便秘小鼠肠道功能及菌群多样性的影响。将KM小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组和黑菊芋多糖低（2.5 g/kg·bw）、中（5.0 g/kg·bw）、高（10.0 g/kg·bw）剂量组。连续14 d利用复方地芬诺酯诱导便秘小鼠模型，并从第8 d起开始多糖干预。计算小鼠6 h内排便粒数和肠墨汁推进率，采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术对其肠道菌群16S rDNA基因进行分析。结果显示，与模型组相比，低、中、高剂量黑菊芋多糖能够增加小鼠黑便粒数（分别增加48.21%、98.21%和78.57%）和小肠墨汁推进率（分别增加67.34%、107.05%和87.08%），其中以中剂量效果最佳。中剂量组干预后，微生物多样性、丰富度以及厚壁菌门/拟杆菌比例和变形菌门丰度显著增加（p<0.05），并促进肠道有益菌乳酸菌属和栖粪杆菌属增殖（p<0.05）。因此，适量食用黑菊芋多糖有助于逆转便秘造成的肠道菌群紊乱，改善便秘症状。

Laxative Effect of Black Jerusalem Artichoke Polysaccharide and Its Regulatory Effect on Intestinal Flora

The effects of black Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide on intestinal function and floral diversity in constipated mice were investigated in this study. KM mice were randomly divided into blank and model control groups, and black Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide low (2.5 g/kg·bw), medium (5.0 g/kg·bw) and high (10.0 g/kg·bw) dose groups. The constipation mouse model was established by treating with diphenoxylate for 14 consecutive days and polysaccharide intervention was started from day 8. The number of defecation pellets within 6 h and intestinal ink propulsion rate were observed. The 16S rDNA gene sequences of intestinal flora were also analyzed using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. The results indicated that compared with the model group, in the low, medium, and high dose groups, the number of melena increased by 48.21%, 98.21% and 78.57%, respectively, and the ink propulsion rate increased by 67.34%, 107.05% and 87.08%, respectively. Among groups, the medium dose group produced the best results. After intervention with the medium dose black Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide, the diversity and richness of intestinal flora, as well as the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroides and the abundance of Proteobacteria increased significantly (p<0.05). The intervention also promoted the proliferation of the beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus and Faecalibaculum (p<0.05). Therefore, consumption of black Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide in appropriate amounts may be helpful to reverse the disturbance of intestinal flora caused by constipation and to alleviate symptoms of constipation.