我国发展循环经济的政策与法律体系探讨

建立和完善循环经济政策应遵循三个原则：服务于我国循环经济概念与内涵原则。服务于循环经济实践的原则。用足用好现有政策和补充缺位政策相结合的原则。我国发展循环经济的政策与法律体系应包括四大类：基本政策、核心政策和基础性政策。技术政策可以融入这四类政策之中。基本政策是统领循环经济所有政策的根本。是资源环境与社会经济发展相融合的综合性政策。基础性政策是指为循环经济重点领域实践创造良好制度环境的政策。大致包括宏观经济政策、基本经济制度、基础性激励政策和考核政策等。核心政策是直接推动循环经济重点实践领域的政策。在核心政策中。需要切实落实和用足用好的现有对循环经济发展较有利的政策有：生态工业政策（包括产业结构调整政策、清洁生产政策）。资源综合利用和环保产业税费优惠政策。能源节约和再生能源政策。环境友好型产品标志（标识）政策；需要完善的薄弱政策有：生态工业园建设政策。废弃物回收、再利用、资源化和无害化产业政策。生态农业政策。资源开发利用政策；需要新建立的缺位政策主要涉及消费领域、环境友好型和资源能源节约型城镇基础设施和建筑领域。

Study on Policy Framework and Legislative System for Promoting Circular Economy in China

Setting up and improving policies of circular economy should follow three principles: serving the concept and the implication of circular economy;serving the practice of circular economy;making full use of the existing policies and supplementing insufficient policies.The policy framework and the legislative system for promoting circular economy development in China should include three categories: basic policy,key policy and fundamental policy.The technical policy can be incorporated in these three types of policies.The basic policy is the basis of all policies related to circular economy,which integrate resources and environmental protection with social and economic development.The fundamental policy can create sound institutional arrangement for circular economy development,including the macro-economic policy,the basic economic institutional policy,the fundamental incentive policy as well as performance evaluation policy,etc..The key policy is to promote practice of circular economy directly.The existing policies that need to be made full use of include eco-industry policy which includes industrial structure adjustment policy and cleaner production policy,preferential policies in terms of waste reuse and recycle and the environmental protection industry development,energy-saving policies and promoting renewable energy policies, eco-labeling policy for environmental friendly products,etc.The insufficient policies that need to be improved include: policy to promote the construction of ecological industry park,policy for reuse,recycle and proper disposal of wastes,ecological agricultural policy,the policy of development and utilization of resources.The policies that need to be set up involve consumption areas,urban infrastructures and building areas which are environmental friendly,material-efficient and resource-saving.