Incoupling waveguide hologram with reduced polarization sensitivity

An incoupling waveguide hologram (IWGH) with significantly reduced polarization sensitivity was designed and fabricated in InP for 1550 nm wavelength. The IWGH couples the light from an optical fiber, irrespectively of the state of polarization, into the InP waveguide and simultaneously focuses it to a desired position in the waveguide. Conventional IWGHs are strongly polarization sensitive with a measured 19 dB difference in the incoupling efficiency between the TE and TM mode. In contrast, although some design parameters turned out to be slightly in error, the fabricated IWGHs designed for reduced polarization sensitivity exhibited a 3.1 dB difference in the incoupling efficiency between the TE and TM modes