不锈钢焊条的渗硅、气孔问题及其对策

讨论了不锈钢焊条焊缝金属中的渗硅、气孔相关问题，提出了相应对策。结果表明，不锈钢焊条存在焊缝渗硅问题，熔池中较多量的si阻碍气体逸出，极易产生气孔，si还使焊缝组织产生脆化倾向。当采用含si量（0．4％～0．6％）较高的不锈钢焊芯时，可以通过增大熔渣碱度的方法；当采用含si量≤0．2％的低si不锈钢焊芯时，无须再增大熔渣的碱度，即可有效控制焊缝增硅。当焊缝中气泡的上浮速度小于或等于焊缝的凝固速度时，就可能残留在焊缝中形成气孔。以减小焊缝中气孔倾向为目标的控制方法，思路有别，有的已被生产应用，收到较好效果。

Problems and countermeasures on the silicon reduction and pore of stainless steel electrode

The related problems on the silicon reduction and pores in the weld metal of stainless steel electrode were discussed, and the corresponding countermeasures were proposed. The results show that the silicon appears in weld metal, the more silicon in weld pool hinders gas to escape and is easy to produce pores, which also makes weld metal brittle. When using the stainless steel core wire with Si content （0.4% - 0.6% ） ,the method of increasing slag basicity can be used, but using stainless steel core wire with Si ~〈 0.2% ,the slag basieity does not need increase, which can control effectively increased silicon in the weld. When the floating rate of bubbles in the weld metal is less than or equal to the solidification rate of weld, the bubbles may be left in the weld forming pores. The control methods for decreasing the pore sensitivity in weld metal are applied in the production, and some of them receives better results.