前置胎盘的高危因素及其对妊娠结局的影响分析

目的 探讨前置胎盘的高危因素及其对妊娠结局的影响.方法 对2008年3月至2013年3月在我院产科住院分娩的240例前置胎盘产妇和同期我院未患有前置胎盘的240例产妇进行病例对照分析.结果 病例组和对照组在年龄、文化水平、吸烟状况、分娩史、剖宫产史以及流产史上的分布有统计学差异（P＜0.01）.logistic回归结果显示高龄、吸烟、分娩史、剖宫产史以及流产史是前置胎盘发病的高危因素（P＜0.01）.前置胎盘在胎盘粘连、植入、早产、产后出血、新生儿窒息和围生儿死亡等妊娠结局指标上分布有统计学差异（P＜0.05）.结论 高龄、吸烟、分娩史、剖宫产史以及流产史的孕妇前置胎盘发病率高;前置胎盘易导致产妇胎盘粘连、胎盘植入、产后大出血、早产以及新生儿窒息.

Risk factors of placenta previa and its effects on pregnancy

Objective To explore the risk factors of placenta previa and its effects on pregnancy.Methods We preformed the case-control study basing on the data of 240 maternal with placenta previa and 240 maternal without placenta previa in our hospital from March 2008 to March 2013.Results Among two groups,distributions of age,education level,smoking status,history of childbirth,cesarean section and abortion were statistically significantly different （P ＜ 0.01）.The results of the logistic regression analysis showed high age,smoking habit and history of childbirth,cesarean section and abortion were risk factors for placenta previa.Meanwhile,distributions of maternal placenta accreta,placenta accreta,postpartum hemorrhage,premature birth and neonatal asphyxia were statistically significantly different among two groups （P ＜ 0.05）.Conclusions Pregnant women with high age,smoking habit and history of childbirth,cesarean section and abortion have a high risk of placenta previa; placenta previa can lead to maternal placenta accreta,placenta accreta,postpartum hemorrhage,premature birth and neonatal asphyxia.