高分子固液复合界面与液体黏附调控

受猪笼草口缘区润滑效应启发,将低表面能液体注入高分子微纳米多孔结构中可构筑高分子固液复合界面.与超疏水固体界面相比,固液复合界面展现出独特的浸润性和黏附性.界面黏附是高分子复合材料重要的性质之一,实现界面黏附的精准调控对促进这类材料的发展和应用具有至关重要的作用.本文重点从稳定性调控、方向性调控以及原位可逆调控3个方面综述提升固液复合界面黏附可控性的工作,通过在表面微米结构中组装纳米层状及异质纳米层状结构,提高界面黏附的稳定性;使用界面薄层定向冷冻干燥法、激光刻蚀法以及复型法等方法,构筑具有取向结构的高分子固液复合界面,实现界面黏附的方向性调控;通过在界面中引入快速响应的智能基元,设计智能响应高分子固液复合界面,实现界面黏附的原位可逆调控.最后,概述了这类材料目前存在的问题并展望了其未来发展的方向.

Regulation of Adhesion between Polymer Solid-Liquid Composite Interface and Liquid

As an emerging class of bioinspired materials, slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces(solid-liquid composite surface) inspired by Nepenthes pitcher plants, which are fabricated by the infusion of lubricating fluids into porous surfaces, have attracted extensive attention because of their great value in fundamental research and practical applications. Interface adhesion is one of the most important properties of polymer solid-liquid composite materials. Adhesion between solid and liquid can be seen everywhere in human life, agriculture and industry, such as oil-water separation, droplet manipulation, lab on the chip, high efficiency heat exchanger, and water collection.Hence, accurate regulation of interface adhesion plays a vital role in promoting the development and application of such materials. This paper mainly reviews adhesion regulation of polymer solid-liquid interface from three aspects: stability, directivity, and intelligence. The first aspect mainly focuses on improving anti-adhesive stability and mechanical stability of the polymer solid-liquid composite surface by introducing nanoscale layered structures and hetero-structures into surface microstructure. The second aspect summarizes directional adhesion of polymer solid-liquid composite interface, designed by combining the directional polymer surfaces and lubricants. The third aspect highlights intelligent regulation of interface adhesion, which was achieved by introducing smart response element into the polymer solid-liquid composite interface to realize reversible regulation of the adhesion between the interface and liquid under the external field. Finally, the existing problems of this field are summarized and their future development directions are forecasted.