真空中高压电极结构的单次脉冲沿面闪络耐压研究

电极作为高压绝缘子的加载对象,在电真空器件中有着至关重要的作用,合理的电极结构设计可以有效地提高高压器件的沿面耐压。笔者从实际的应用出发,针对几种新型电极结构进行了电场仿真和实验耐压实验,给出了不同电极情况下,氧化铝陶瓷的耐压结果。结果表明,新型电极结构能有效减弱氧化铝陶瓷三结合处的电场强度,并在一定程度上提高绝缘子耐压能力,相对于平板电极,其平均最高耐压提高了55%。

Single-pulsed Surface Flashover Hold-off Voltage of Electrode Geometry in Vacuum

The electrode which is usually used as the carrier of the high-voltage insulator is very important for the vacuum electronic devices.The reasonable design of the electrode geometry can considerably improve the surface flashover hold-off voltage of the insulator.In this paper,the influence of several geometries on the electric field distribution at the triple junction was simulated and experimentally studied.The single pulsed flashover hold-off voltage tests of cylindrical alumina insulators in vacuum were conducted.The results indicate that these geometries weaken the electric field at the triple junction,and the average hold-off voltage limit of the alumina ceramics is increased by 55% with the concave electrode compared to the plate electrode.