网状纤维结构氧化镍的制备及其气敏性能

p型半导体金属氧化物作为气敏材料具备响应快速、选择性高的特点,用于气体传感器的制备与开发。静电纺丝法可制备具有丰富气体吸附位点的网状结构材料,增强材料的气体敏感特性。以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、四水合乙酸镍为原料,采用静电纺丝法制备具有网状纤维结构的p型半导体氧化镍。通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜、X射线光电子能谱和比表面积测试等分析技术对材料的结构、形貌、组成和比表面等性能进行表征,并对其气敏性能进行测定,考察煅烧温度对材料气敏性能的影响。结果表明:煅烧温度为500℃时获得的氧化镍组装成气体传感器,在工作温度为250℃时,该元件对50mg/L丙酮气体表现出快速响应特性(响应时间为5s)、良好选择性和稳定性。

Preparation and gas sensing of NiO with network structure

As a gas sensing material,p-type semiconductor metal oxide has the characteristics of rapid response and high selectivity.It can be used in the preparation and development of gas sensors.The network structure with abundant gas adsorption sites obtained by electrostatic spinning method,which can enhance the gas sensing of materials.P-type semiconductor nickel oxide(NiO)was prepared by electrospinning with polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)and nickel acetate tetrahydrate as raw materials.NiO fibers with reticular structure were synthesized.The structure,morphology,composition and specific surface properties of the materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and specific surface area.Meanwhile,the gas sensing of the materials was measured.The effect of calcination temperature on the gas sensing properties of the materials was investigated.At working temperature of 250℃,the sensor assembled with NiO acquired at calcination temperature of 500℃showed rapid response characteristics(response time of 5 s),good selectivity and stability to 50 mg/L acetone.