基于MapGIS的岗下稀土矿山地质环境评价与分区

以江西赣州岗下稀土矿山为研究对象，通过野外地质调查，详细分析了该矿山的地形地貌与水文地质条件、地层岩性、地质构造、开采方式和强度、矿山开发利用现状等信息，基于MapGIS软件分别提取了区内地形地貌信息及区域重要程度信息，并对评价单元进行了划分。在此基础上，将MapGIS软件分别与灰色关联度模型、物元模型及BP神经网络模型相结合，对该矿山的地质环境进行了综合评价和分区，并对该3类模型的评价结果计算了均值，结果表明：①岗下稀土矿山地质环境破坏严重区占地面积1.222 1 km²，约占研究区总面积的24.8%，主要分布于堆浸开采区、尾矿堆积区、地形坡度较陡的原地浸矿开采区；②破坏较严重区占地面积1.504 0 km²，约占研究区总面积的30.6%，分布于地形坡度较缓且开采强度较大的原地浸矿开采区；③破坏轻微区占地面积2.190 7 km2，约占研究区总面积的44.6%，分布于地形坡度较缓且开采强度较小的原地浸矿开采区及未开采区。上述分析结果与区内实际情况较吻合，对于区内地质环境治理及资源开发利用有一定的参考价值。

Evaluation and Division of the Geological Environment of Gangxia Rare Earth Mine Based on MapGIS

In order to conduct comprehensive evaluation of the geological environment of the typical monomer mine with small distribution area and specified minerals,taking the Gangxia rare earth mine of Ganzhou city,Jiangxi province as the research example,based on filed geological investigation,large amounts of information of Gangxia rare earth mine are obtained,such as the topography and hydrogeology conditions,formation lithology,geological structure,mining methods and intensity and mining exploitation and utilization status etc,besides that,they are analyzed in detail.The landform information and regional importance information are extracted and the geological environment evaluation units are divided based on MapGIS software.Based on MapGIS software,the grey correlation degree model,matter-element model and BP neural network model are adopted to conduct comprehensive evaluation and division of the geological environment of Gangxia rare earth mine respectively,the average geological evaluation results of the above models are obtained,the results show that:①the serious region area of geological environment of Gangxia rare earth mine is 1.222 1 km²,which is the 24.8% of the total area of the study area approximately,they are distributed in heap leaching mining region,tailings stacking region,in-situ leaching mining region with steep terrain slope;②the more serious region area of geological environment of Gangxia rare earth mine is 1.504 0 km²,which is the 30.6% of the total area of the study area approximately,they are distributed in the in-situ leaching mining region with slower terrain slope and bigger mining intensity;③the minor region area of geological environment of Gangxia rare earth mine is 2.190 7 km2,which is the 44.6% of the total area of the study area approximately,they area distributed in the in-situ leaching mining region with slower terrain slope and smaller mining intensity and virgin mining region.The above research results can provide reference for the geological environmental settlement and resources exploitation and utilization in the mining area.