新型冠状病毒与血管紧张素转换酶2对心血管系统的影响

自2019年12月起,爆发由新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)感染的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19),疫情迅速蔓延至全球。COVID-19以呼吸系统症状为主,但部分病例出现心血管系统损害。合并心血管系统基础疾病患者,会导致死亡率增加。SARS-CoV-2属于冠状病毒科β冠状病毒属,SARS-CoV-2与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒具有79.5%的同源性,通过受体血管紧张素转换酶2(ACE2)入侵人体细胞。而表达ACE2的Ⅱ型肺上皮细胞是SARS-CoV-2感染的主要靶细胞。因此,了解SARS-CoV-2所致心血管系统损害及相关的机制,对SARS-CoV-2疫苗和药物的研制及降低病死率具有重要的意义。

Effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 on cardiovascular system

Since December 2019,corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)break out,and the outbreak has spread rapidly all over the world.In addition to respiratory symptoms,COVID-19 has damage to the cardiovascular system in some cases.And the patients with underlying cardiovascular diseases lead to increased mortality.SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the family of coronaviridae,subfamily coronovirinae,β-coronavirus.The sequence identity between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS coronavirus(SARS-CoV)has 79.5%homology,and SARS-CoV-2 uses the same cell entry receptor,receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),as SARSCoV.The typeⅡalveolar cells expressing ACE2 are the main target cells for SARS-CoV-2.Therefore,it is of great significance to understand the cardiovascular system damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 and its related mechanism for the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and drug and the reduction of mortality.