柴油高值化综合利用技术发展现状及分析

经济新时代下，我国炼化行业结构性产能过剩问题突出，成品油供应过剩，消费柴汽比不断降低，如何实现柴油的高值化利用成为企业迫切需要解决的问题。与此同时，芳烃、烯烃、喷气燃料需求逐年增加，利用过剩柴油生产市场需求旺盛的上述产品成为近年来该领域研究的热点。本文从直馏柴油和催化柴油原料性质分析入手，从工艺流程、技术优缺点、工业应用情况等方面对国内外柴油高值化利用技术进行了系统综述，并进一步分析了这些技术未来开发的重点。从实际应用的角度分析，对于直馏柴油高值化利用，认为催化裂解增产芳烃及烯烃技术是今后一个时期发展的重点，但需要突破催化剂生焦率低、无法满足热平衡的瓶颈。对于催化柴油的高值化利用，应用分子炼油管理理念，将芳烃与饱和烃组分分离后，针对性地选取高值化利用途径是未来发展的重要方向。指出未来柴油的高值化利用技术应结合催化基础材料、反应工程等方面的创新发展，实现技术的进一步突破。

Development of high-value utilization technologies of diesel

Under the new economic era, the overcapacity problem of China's refining industry has become seriously, and the ratio of diesel to gasoline is gradually decreased. Therefore, the higher value utilization of diesel has been very urgent for refineries. In the meantime, the demand for aromatics, olefins and jet fuel increased year by year, so it has become a hot spot in recent years to use the excess diesel to produce those products. The high-value utilization technologies of diesel were reviewed, including their processes, advantages and disadvantages, industrial applications. Meanwhile, the prospects and future development of each technology were also presented. It is believed from the application viewpoint that the catalytic cracking will be the important developing emphasis for the high-value utilization technologies of straight run diesel, but the problem of low catalyst coking yield which cannot satisfy the thermal equilibrium problem must be resolved. And for the catalytic diesel, using the concept of molecular refining management to select high-value utilization of technology for each component is the important direction of future development. In the future, the innovation and development of catalytic basic materials and the reaction engineering should be integrated, which can promote the further breakthrough of high-value utilization technologies of diesel.