塔里木盆地南缘地下水脆弱性评价

干旱区地下水脆弱性是地下水系统本身固有的不稳定属性,是系统结构、功能状态在人类活动干扰及气候变化等自然因素作用下具有的敏感性、易变性和弹性的综合反映。可以以河川径流中冰雪融水比重、地表径流入渗占地下水补给比例、地下水补给强度、地表水的引用率等十项指标(IRRUDQELTS)进行定量评价。通过对塔里木盆地南缘地下水脆弱性评价,表明该区属地下水严重脆弱区,其脆弱程度远大于地下水开发利用程度较高的河西走廊,其中又以民丰县、皮山县为极端脆弱。

Groundwater Vulnerability Assessement for the South Rim of Tarim Basin

Groundwater vulnerability is the property of groundwater system in arid area, which shows the combination of sensitivity, variability and flexibility of system structure and function status to human ac- tivity and climatic change. The IRRUDQELTS indexes comprising of ice meltwater ratio to runoff, groundwater recharge ratio and runoff infiltration-ratio to groundwater, runoff use ratio, groundwater pumping ratio, evapo-transpiration and its discharge, groundwater quality, water level falldown and spring water reduction are put forward to assess the groundwater vulnerability in arid area on the base of study in the south edge of Tarim Basin. Accordingly, the indexes for assessing ecology vulnerability also have been concluded as aridity factor (E/P), sandstorm and great wind dates, water resources shortage, ratio between oasis and total land, desertification land out of cultivated area, artificial trees out of oasis, plant growth condition, water quality in unconfined aquifer and the ratio between water resources and land. The vulnerability can be divided into five grades. The caculating result shows groundwater and ecology system is dramatically fragile in this region.