减少环境污染排放的机制与控制政策

随着经济的快速发展，环境污染逐步恶化，成为可持续发展的"瓶颈"。落实科学发展观，减少和控制环境污染排放，必须剖析影响环境污染排放的主要因素及其作用机理。在分析经济发展和环保制度安排对环境污染排放影响机理的基础上，构建计量经济模型，用1999～2004年全国30个省、直辖市、自治区（不包括香港、澳门、台湾和西藏）的混合截面数据进行实证研究，分析导致我国现阶段环境污染恶化的主要因素。初步研究结果表明：经济活动水平、产业结构、城市化水平加剧了环境的污染，而环保投资和公众参与、规章制度及政府环境管理制度则是减少环境污染的重要变量。最后，提出运用综合管理手段、加快产业结构与布局调整、转变经济增长方式、实现环保制度创新等控制环境污染的政策建议。〖

MECHANISM AND POLICY ON REDUCING AND CONTROLLING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

The rapid economic growth has aroused environmental pollution and deterioration of environmen- tal quality,which is becoming the big obstacle of sustainable development.On the database of the change of environmental quality,the authors analyzed the impact factor on deterioration of environmental quality as well as its driving mechanism.According to the theoretical framework of functional mechanism of economic performance and institutional discharge on environmental quality,econometric method was applied in the experimental analysis on the case of mixed section data from 1999 to 2004 in China.The analysis result showed that economic growth,industrial structure and urbanization level had exerted much impact on dete- rioration of environmental quality.Whereas,environmental protection investment,public participation,by- law and environmental administrative manage were helpful for pollution control.Finally the paper put for- ward the suggestions of reducing and controlling pollutant,including integrated environmental management means,industrial structure and distribution adjustment and institution innovation,etc.