Cu基催化剂电催化还原CO2的性能调控及其产物的研究进展

大规模碳排放造成生态恶化，如何解决该问题是目前的研究热点。利用可再生能源产生的电能能够将CO2电催化还原（eCO2R）为碳氢燃料或具有附加值的化学原料，该策略可同时缓解环境和能源问题，具有广阔的应用前景。成本低廉的过渡金属Cu对氢和氧的亲和力差，但具有独特的电子结构，能将CO2还原为多种具有经济价值的碳产物，成为eCO2R的一种主要材料。然而，催化剂的尺寸、晶面、形貌结构和成分等显著影响eCO2R的活性和选择性。经过不断的改性研究，金属Cu衍生出的各种Cu催化剂由于活性和选择性的不同，使得不同催化剂之间的产物以及反应路径也有着很大的差别。本文基于这些因素对设计Cu基催化剂eCO2R进行总结研究。此外，系统总结Cu基催化剂eCO2R 的多种催化产物，并阐明 eCO2R 形成不同碳产物的可能路径与机理。最后，基于目前的研究重点与不足对 eCO2R 提出展望，以期为“双碳”目标的实现提供参考。

Research Progress on Properties Tuning and Products of Cu-Based Catalyst in Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction

Ecological deterioration and energy reform have been caused by long-term carbon emissions. How to solve this problem is a hot research topic at present. Electricity generated from renewable energy sources can be electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (eCO2R) into hydrocarbon fuel or value-added chemical raw materials, meanwhile, alleviating environmental and energy problems, thus showing broad application prospects. The low-cost transition metal Cu featuring a unique electronic structure has a poor affinity for hydrogen and oxygen, which can reduce CO2 to a wide range of economically valuable carbon products, making it a prime material for eCO2R. However, the size, crystal face, structure, and composition of the catalysts significantly affect the activity and selectivity of eCO2R. At present, after continuous research on modification, various Cu-based catalysts derived from metal Cu make the products as well as the reaction paths differ greatly from one catalyst to another due to the differences in activity and selectivity. This review systematically described the design of the Cu-based catalyst for eCO2R based on these factors. In addition, various catalytic products of Cu-based catalyst eCO2R were systematically summarized. The possible paths and mechanisms of eCO2R forming different carbon products were elucidated. Finally, based on the current research focus and shortcomings, the outlook of eCO2R was proposed and provided a reference for the realization of the carbon peak and neutrality goals.