南瓜膳食纤维对高脂血症大鼠的降血脂作用

目的:本研究探讨酶法提取的南瓜不溶性膳食纤维（insoluble dietary fiber，IDF）和可溶性膳食纤维（soluble dietary fiber，SDF）的降血脂作用。方法:通过建立高血脂大鼠模型，以南瓜膳食纤维含量为2.5%、5%和10%的复合饲料分别喂养4周，计算粪便脂肪含量、脏体比、肝脏脂肪含量等指标，测定其血清总胆固醇（total cholesterol，TC）、甘油三酯（triglyceride，TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high densitylipoprotein cholesterol，HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low density lipoprotein cholesterin，LDL-C）水平，计算动脉硬化指数（atherogenic index，AI），同时进行肝脏病理组织学检查。结果:南瓜膳食纤维能增加大鼠的排便量、粪便含水量和粪脂含量，并降低肝脏脂肪含量，在一定程度上改善高脂饮食所致的肝脏脂肪化。与高脂模型组相比，南瓜膳食纤维组大鼠血清TC、TG和LDL-C水平显著降低（P<0.05），HDL-C水平显著提高（P<0.05）；且不溶性膳食纤维的效果优于可溶性膳食纤维。结论:南瓜膳食纤维具有良好的降血脂作用。

Effect of Pumpkin Dietary Fiber on Blood Lipid on Hyperlipidemic Rats

Objective: To assess the hypolipidemic effect of pumpkin insoluble dietary fiber(IDF)and soluble fiber(SDF)prepared with enzymatic method. Methods: An animal model of hyperlipidemia was established by feeding rats with a high-fat diet. And then the model animals were fed with compound feed supplemented with 2.5%,5% and 10% pumpkin dietary fiber for 4 weeks,respectively. The fecal fat content,the organ to body weight ratio,and liver fat content were measured. The total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in serum were measured and atherosclerosis index(AI)was calculated. And the pathological changes of liver tissues were observed. Results: Pumpkin dietary fiber could increase the amount of feces,water content in feces and fat content in feces,reduce the content of liver fat,and alleviate the degree of fatty liver caused by high fat diet. Morever,the serum levels of TC,TG,and LDL-C decreased significantly(P<0.05)and the serum levels of HDL-C increased significantly(P<0.05)in the experimental groups fed with dietary fiber,compared with the high-fat group. And the results of experimental group fed with IDF were better than those fed with SDF. Conclusion: The results suggest that pumpkin dietary fiber can effectively improve the serum lipid levels in hyperlipidemia rats.