经新生儿肘部静脉置入中心静脉导管体表测量方法的研究

目的探讨经新生儿肘部静脉置入中心静脉导管的体表测量方法。方法采用随机对照研究方法,将72例需PICC置管并签署知情同意书的新生儿随机分为A、B两组,A组以预穿刺点→胸骨上切迹→第三肋间隙的长度为导管置入长度,B组以预穿刺点至右侧胸锁关节的长度为导管置入长度,比较两组导管末端的上腔静脉到位情况。结果 A组导管异位发生率为72.22%,B组导管异位发生率为30.56%,两组导管末端的上腔静脉到位率差异有统计学意义（χ2=12.51,P〈0.01）。结论从预穿刺点量至右侧胸锁关节的体表测量方法可以显著提高PICC一次置管成功率,降低导管异位的发生率。

Research in the measuring method through body surface for neonatal peripherally inserted central catheters

Objective To probe into the best measuring method via body surface for neonatal peripherally inserted central catheters.Method 72 neonates who need accept PICC were randomly divided into group A(n=36) and group B(n=36).The inserted length of PICC in group A was the distance from puncture point to suprasternal notch,then add the length from suprasternal notch to the third costal space.In group B,the inserted length of PICC was the distance from puncture point to right sternoclavicular joint.The difference of success rate between group A and group B was compared.Result The incidence of catheter heterotopia in group A and group B were 72.22 % and 30.56% respectively.There was a significant difference between them(χ2=12.51,P <0.01).Conclusion The measuring method in group B can improve the success rate of first catheterization and reduce the incidence of catheter heterotopia.