电价与电量结合的龙头电站效益补偿机制研究

本文构建了以梯级发电量最大为目标的效益补偿模型，模型考虑梯级引水损失流量，以梯级水位组合为基本计算单元，采用逐步优化算法与离散微分动态规划算法的改进耦合算法进行求解，在量化引水工程对发电效益造成影响的基础上得出龙头电站补偿效益，基于经营期上网电价测算流域受益电站不同电量返还比例下的龙头电站电价，提出了电价-电量相结合的发电效益补偿方法，形成了相应的流域龙头电站效益补偿机制。乌江流域梯级电站的工程应用实例表明，本文方法能够量化引水工程对发电效益的影响，并合理测算流域龙头电站的补偿效益，一定程度上可协调梯级上下游电站间的利益矛盾。

Benefit compensation mechanism of leading hydropower station based on combination of electricity price and output

This paper constructs a benefit compensation model for maximizing the total power output of cascade hydropower stations using an improved progress optimality algorithm (POA) coupled with discrete differential dynamic programming (DDDP) and considering loss in diversion flow. The algorithm uses water stage combination of the cascade reservoirs as a basic calculation unit in solving for compensation benefit on the basis of quantifying the impact of water diversion on the power output. We calculate the electricity price of the leading hydropower station under different power returns of the benefited stations using the feed-in tariff of operation period, and develop a power generation benefit compensation method of combining electricity price and output. The mechanism of corresponding benefit compensation for the leading station is demonstrated. Application to the cascade stations in the Wu River basin shows that our method is effective in quantitative analysis of the diversion flow and its impact on the power output of the cascade stations and in calculations of the compensation benefit of the leading station. The method can also be used to resolve conflicts over the benefits of upper and lower stages of the cascade.