急性低氧运动对血液流变性和红细胞形态的影响及电解质饮料的干预效果

目的:探讨急性低氧运动对血液流变性和红细胞形态的影响以及补充电解质饮料的干预效果。方法:受试者为8名健康成年男性,均进行两次实验。第1次为急性低氧运动加补充电解质饮料(运动前和运动中)实验,第2次为急性低氧运动不补充任何液体实验,两次实验间隔1周。受试者以70%最大摄氧量(VO2max)强度在低氧环境(O2浓度为15.5%,环境温度为20℃,湿度为55%)下进行1小时的功率自行车运动。分别测定受试者运动前、后的血液流变学指标并观察其红细胞形态的变化。结果:不补液情况下,受试者运动后的血液粘度、红细胞压积及红细胞刚性指数显著增加(P<0.01)。红细胞形态由双凹圆盘形变为一面凸、一面凹的草帽形。运动前和运动中补充电解质饮料,受试者运动后的各项血液流变学指标与运动前相比变化均不显著(P>0.05),且运动后红细胞形态未见明显变化。结论:运动前和运动中补充电解质饮料可缓解急性低氧运动对机体血液流变性产生的不良影响。

Effects of Hypoxic Exercise and Electrolytes Drink on the Hemorheology and Morphology of Erythrocyte

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of acute hypoxica exercise and electrolytes drink(Pocari-Sweat) on hemorheology and morphology of erythrocyte.Eight healthy male subjects exercised on a bicycle ergometer at 70% VO_2 max continuously for one hour in a hypoxic room(15.5%O_2) twice.During the first exercise,the sujects were suppied with and during the second exercise were not supplied with electrolytes drink.The hemorheological parameters morphology of erythrocyte were investigated before and immediately after the exercise.The findings showed that blood viscosity,hematocrit(Hct) and red cell rigidity index(IR)increased immediately after exercise.The morphology of erythrocyte changed significantly immediately after exercise,from the biconcave disc shape to one swollen at the edge or the straw-hat shape,which was convex at one side and concave at the other.However,with the supplementation of electrolytes drink before and during exercise,the changes in the parameters of hemorheology and morphology of erythrocyte were not obvious.The present study suggested that acute hypoxic exercise had negative influences on the morphology of erythrocyte and hemorheology,and such negative influences could be remitted by supplementation of electrolytes drink.