山东近海产卵场健康状况评价体系

产卵场对渔业资源补充起关键作用, 其健康状态直接决定了渔业资源世代发生量和可持续产出。本研究以山东近海产卵场为研究区域, 基于国内外海洋生态系统健康评价体系的综合分析, 以 20 世纪 80 年代山东近海健康状况作为基准, 利用层次分析法构建了产卵场健康状况量化评价体系, 并对该体系的评价结果进行了验证。评价体系从产卵场环境和产卵场功能(一级指标)考虑, 包含了生物环境、水文环境、人为干扰、鱼卵仔稚鱼、产卵群体和产卵场面积 6 个二级指标以及 21 个三级指标, 通过平均综合健康指数(CHI)表征产卵场健康状态。以 2008 年 5 月山东近海产卵场健康状况为例对本研究构建的产卵场健康量化评价体系的结果进行了验证。结果表明, 2008 年 5 月山东近海产卵场平均 CHI 为 0.571, 处于亚健康状态, 其中山东半岛北部产卵场、海州湾北部产卵场、山东半岛南部产卵场和莱州湾产卵场 CHI 分别为 0.596、0.593、0.590 和 0.505, 该评价结果一定程度上客观反映了山东近海产卵场的健康状况。

Health assessment system of the spawning ground in Shandong inshore waters

Spawning grounds play a key role in recruiting fishery resources, and their health status directly contributes to the biomass dynamics and sustainability of fishery resources. In the present study, using spawning grounds in Shandong inshore waters as an example, based on the comprehensive analysis of various marine ecosystem health assessment studies, a health assessment system of the spawning ground was established by the analytic hierarchy process, and the evaluation results of the system were verified. Two first-level indicators were considered in the health assessment system, the environment and function of the spawning ground. Six second-level indicators were covered, namely, biotic environment, hydrological environment; human disturbance; fish eggs, larvae, and juveniles; spawning stock size; and spawning ground area. There were 21 third-level indicators. The health status of the spawning ground was characterized by a comprehensive health indicator (CHI), with the health status of the spawning grounds in Shandong inshore waters during the 1980s regarded as the baseline. The results of the health assessment system of the spawning ground conducted in this study were verified using the spawning ground health status in the Shandong inshore in May 2008 as an example. The average CHI was 0.571 in the spawning grounds in Shandong inshore waters during May 2008. In general, the spawning ground had a sub-health status. The CHI of the northern Shandong Peninsula, northern Haizhou Bay, southern Shandong Peninsula, and Laizhou Bay were 0.596, 0.593, 0.590, and 0.505, respectively. The accuracy of the evaluation system was proven by a comprehensive analysis of the results of related studies.