2008年我院359例药品不良反应报告分析

目的：了解我院药品不良反应（ADR）发生情况及规律，并分析原因，促进临床合理用药。方法：对我院2008年上报的ADR报告分别就患者性别、年龄、不良反应类型、药品种类、严重程度分级等方面进行回顾性分析。结果：在359例ADR中，女性患者发生概率较大（191例，占53．20％）；0～10a（66例，占18．38％）婴幼儿及51～60a（65例，占18．11％）中老年人发生居多；给药途径以静脉滴注（179例，占40．50％）和口服给药（173例，占39．14％）为主；用药方式多为单一用药（336例，93．60％）；抗感染类药物所占比例较多，占50．45％；ADR临床表现以皮肤及其附件损害最常见。引起ADR例数前3位的药物分别为精制破伤风抗毒素／破伤风抗毒素、注射用头孢呋辛钠、注射用磷酸克林霉素；ADR严重程度分级多为一般，结果多为治愈或好转。结论：应重视ADR监测工作，加强对患者用药过程观察，保证患者用药安全、合理，减少ADR的发生。

Analysis of 359 ADR reports in our hospital in 2008

Objective： To investigate the general information and characteristics of adverse drug reactions （ADRs）, and provide reference for rational drug use in clinic. Methods： There were 359 ADR cases collected in our hospital in 2008, which were retrospectively analyzed in respect of patients＇ gender and age, types of adverse drug reactions, categories of drug, classification of serious degree of adverse drug reactions. Results： Of the 359 ADR cases, the incidence rate in female （191 cases, 53.20%） was higher than that in male. The incidence rate of ADRs in patients aged from 0 - 10 years and 51 -60 years was higher, which was 18.38% （66 cases） and 18.11% （65 cases） respectively. Intravenous drip and the oral administration accounted for 40.50% and 39.14%, respectively. There were 336 ADRs （93.60%） induced by single drug use. Anti-infectious drugs （50.45%） occupied mostly in the incidence of ADRs. Lesions of skin and its appendants were the main clinical manifestations. Leading the list in terms of the incidence rate of ADRs were purified tetanus antitoxin/tetanus antitoxin, cefuroxime sodium and clindamycin phosphate. Most ADRs were cured or got better. Conclusion： More importance should be attached to the monitoring of ADRs, and strengthening the observation of drug use to reduce or avoid the occurrence of ADRs.