隧道火灾上游烟气温度分布规律的实验研究

隧道一旦发生火灾事故，火源上游蔓延烟气温度的高低决定着司乘人员逃生的危险程度。通过分析在1/20小比例尺寸隧道模型中开展的26种隧道较大火灾规模实验场景所对应的实验数据，研究了不同燃料类型、不同隧道截面尺寸的隧道火灾在不同纵向通风风速工况下对火源上游烟气温度的影响。研究结果表明，隧道宽度和纵向风速对顶棚下方烟气温度最大温升影响不大，而隧道高度对其影响较大；此外火源上游烟气温度随着纵向风速的增大而减小，随着隧道横截面尺寸的增大而增大；最后给出了隧道火灾顶棚下方火源上游烟气无量纲温升与无量纲距离的关系模型。

Experimental study on temperature distribution of upstream smoke in tunnel fire

In the event of a tunnel fire accident,, the temperature of smoke apread upstream of the fire source determines the risk of escape for the drivers and passengers. By analyzing the experimental data of 26 large-scale fire scenarios in a 1/20 small-scale tunnel model, the effects of different fuel types and tunnel cross-section sizes under different longitudinal ventilation wind speed on the upstream flue gas temperature of the fire source were studied. The results show that: Tunnel width and longitudinal wind speed have little effect on the maximum temperature rise of flue gas under the ceiling, but the height of tunnel has a great effect on it; and the temperature of smoke upstream of fire source decreases with the increase of longitudinal wind speed and increases with the increase of tunnel cross-section size; finally, the relationship model between dimensionless temperature rise of the reflux flue gas in the upstream of fire source under the roof and dimensionless distance is given.