时速160 km的国外低地板铰接动车组严重晃动问题测试研究

针对国外某型号低地板铰接动车组存在的车体严重晃动、平稳性指标超标以及由此导致的限速运营问题,开展了轮轨接触关系和悬挂系统振动传递情况的线路测试。采用实车线路运行视频监测方法,对车体的运行姿态、悬挂系统振动传递、结构模态及轮对振动等进行了综合分析。结果发现,轮对低频蛇行通过悬挂系统传递给车体,激发出车体的刚体摇头和结构菱形模态耦合振动,从而导致平稳性指标超标。车载视频监测方法发现轮对确实存在1 Hz低频大幅值蛇行运动,空簧变位显著,即视觉上捕捉到了轮对蛇行与车体摇头的关系。经过分析和测试验证,改进的踏面镟修廓形可以改善轮轨接触关系,控制轮对蛇行运动,避免车体异常晃动,保证车辆运行的平稳性。

Test and Research on the Severe Hunting Problem of 160 km/h Low-floor Articulated E-MUs Abroad

Targeting the speed limit operation problems caused by severe body hunting,excessive stability indicators that exist in certain type of foreign low-floor articulated EMU,line tests of wheel-rail contact relationship and suspension system vibration transmission are conducted.Adopting video monitoring method of real vehicle line operation,comprehensive analysis of the vehicle body running posture,suspension system vibration transmission,structural mode and wheelset vibration is carried out.Results show that the low-frequency wheelset hunting motion are transmitted to the vehicle body through suspension system,thus the hunting motion of vehicle body and structure rhombic modal coupling vibration are excited,which leads to the excessive stability indicators.The on-board video monitoring method exposes that the wheelset indeed have 1 Hz low-frequency amplitude hunting motion,with significant air spring displacement,that is,the relationship between the wheelset hunting motion and the yawing of the vehicle body is visually captured.After analysis and testing,it is confirmed that improving the profile of the tread can improve the wheel-rail contact relationship and control the hunting motion of the wheelset to avoid abnormal hunting of the vehicle body,so that the stability of vehicle running is ensured.