2010-2011年海口及周边地区3248例学龄前儿童血铅检测与分析

目的 了解海口及周边地区6岁以下儿童血铅水平分布情况,为预防儿童铅中毒提供依据.方法 使用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定2010年7月至2011年6月本院3 248例6岁以下儿童的血铅水平,并分别对不同年龄和性别儿童的血铅平均水平和铅中毒发生率进行统计分析.结果 儿童血铅总体均值为44.315 μg/L,其中男童的血铅均值为44.400 μg L,女童的血铅均值为44.171 μg/L;血铅≥100μg/L的儿童共46例,占1.42％,其中男性27例,超标率为1.32％,女性19例,超标率为1.58％.不同年龄组和不同性别儿童血铅均值及铅中毒检出率差异均无统计学意义.结论 海口及周边地区儿童血铅水平及铅中毒率比国内平均水平低,但血铅水平受居住场所、生活卫生习惯等多种因素影响较大,故全社会和相关部门仍应重视血铅的防治.

Analysis on blood lead detection in 3 248 children in Haikou City and the surrounding areas

Objective To investigate the blood lead detection of children in Haikou and the surrounding areas,and to provide scientific guidance for the prevention of lead poisoning in children.Methods The concentration of lead was determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer in 3 248 blood samples of children from the Hainan Provincial People’s Hospital from July 2010 to June 2011.The mean levels of blood lead and the rate of lead poisoning were analyzed.Results The mean level of blood lead was 44.315 μg/L in the 3 248 children,which was 44.400 μg/L in boys and 44.171 μg/L in girls.46 cases were found with no less than 100 μg/L blood lead(1.41%),including 27 boys(1.32%) and 19 girls(1.57%).The mean level of blood lead and the rate of lead poisoning showed no statistically significant differences in children of different ages and gender.Conclusion The mean level of blood lead and the rate of lead poisoning in Haikou and the surrounding areas is lower than the national average level.The level of blood lead is influenced by the habitat,living habits and other factors,thus great importance should be attached to the prevention and treatment of blood lead.