Fast tailoring of the acid–base properties in the NaX zeolite by cesium-exchange under microwave heating |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Stuttgart, Institute for Materials Science, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany;2. University of Stuttgart, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany;1. Ames Laboratory – US DOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;2. Supercomputing Center, Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;1. Physical Chemistry and Transfercenter Sustainable Electrochemistry, Saarland University, Campus Geb. B2 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany;2. Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Carol I nr.11, RO-700506 Iasi, Romania;3. ZBT Duisburg, The Fuel Cell Research Center GmbH, Carl-Benz-Str. 201, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany;4. Acad. Evgeni Budevski, Institute of Electrochemistry and Energy Systems, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str., bl. 10, BGR-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;1. Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l''environnement de Lyon, IRCELYON, CNRS, 2, avenue Albert-Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne, France;2. IFP Énergies Nouvelles, rond-point de l''Échangeur-de-Solaize, BP3, 69360 Solaize, France |
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| Abstract: | NaX zeolite can show an acidic or basic behaviour depending on the degree of ion-exchange of sodium by cesium cations. The acid–base properties of the X zeolite are tunable by means of the cesium-exchange degree. This allows X zeolite to be prepared according to the needs of any determined reaction. Moreover, the cesium-exchange is carried out in a short period of time (5 min) when microwave radiation is used as the heat source. In addition, microwave heating decreases the volume of the ion-exchange solution. Only one cesium-exchange (28 cesium atoms per unit cell) under microwave heating was enough to annul the acid behaviour of the NaX zeolite in the toluene alkylation. |
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