热带岛礁大气环境车辆装备腐蚀规律与防护设计及控制措施

目的 提高车辆装备在热带岛礁大气环境中的耐腐蚀性能，为车辆装备在热带岛礁大气环境长期稳定的服役提供防腐蚀设计与改进依据。方法 通过对岛礁大气环境特点的分析和典型车辆装备腐蚀规律研究与总结，制定相应的腐蚀防护设计及措施，并在车辆装备上进行应用与验证。结果 根据腐蚀特点，车辆装备划分为结构类腐蚀、电气类产品腐蚀、材料和涂层腐蚀等4类，其中，结构类腐蚀是最主要的腐蚀行为，结构类腐蚀类型主要包括缝隙腐蚀、电偶腐蚀、应力作用下腐蚀、磨损腐蚀、结构外形及空腔结构造成的腐蚀等。根据腐蚀环境进行划分，将整车划分为舱外完全暴露结构区域、底盘底部区域、发动机舱区域和舱内区域等4个腐蚀区域。在车辆装备上采取相应的腐蚀防护设计与措施，包括典型结构类防腐蚀设计、电气类产品腐蚀防护设计、材料与涂层搭配选用、维护保养和腐蚀监测措施，在热带岛礁大气环境中取得了良好的应用验证效果。结论 根据不同腐蚀类型，采取相应的结构类、电气类产品，材料与涂层合理搭配选用等腐蚀防护设计，加严环境试验考核，以及维修维护、腐蚀监测等腐蚀控制措施，车辆装备在热带岛礁环境中将取得长效且良好的环境适应性。

Corrosion Rule, Prevention Design and Control Countermeasures of Vehicle Equipment in Tropical Island-reef Atmospheric Environment

The work aims to improve anti-corrosion properties of vehicle equipment in tropical island-reef atmospheric environment, so as to provide evidence of anti-corrosion design and modification for long-term stable service of vehicle equipment in tropical island-reef atmospheric environment. Under analysis on island-reef environment characteristics and research and summary on corrosion rule of vehicle equipment, corresponding corrosion protection design and countermeasures were formulated and then applied to the vehicle equipment for verification. According to corrosion characteristics, vehicle equipment corrosion was classified into four types, including structure corrosion, electrical product corrosion, material corrosion and coating corrosion. Structure corrosion was the major corrosion behavior. The main kinds of corrosion types of structure corrosion were crevice corrosion, galvanic corrosion, corrosion caused by structural edge and water-logging structure, etc. In terms of corrosion environment, the vehicle equipment was divided into four areas , which consisted of fully exposed structure outside the cabin, bottom of chassis, area inside engine cabin and area in cabin. The corresponding corrosion protection design and countermeasures were adopted to the vehicle equipment, including corrosion protection design of classical structure and electric product, optimal selection of materials and coatings, measures of maintenance, corrosion monitoring technique, which achieved good results in practical applications. According to different types of corrosion, corresponding corrosion protection designs and countermeasures, such as structure and electric anti-corrosion design, reasonable selection of material and coating, anti-corrosion method of repair and maintenance, strict environmental testing, and corrosion monitoring, can be adopted to help vehicle equipment maintain long-term and good environmental adaptability in tropical island-reef environment.